Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat until shimmering, and add the minced garlic. Sauté for about 30 seconds until fragrant, avoiding browning.
Add the shrimp to the skillet, seasoning lightly with salt and pepper. Cook for 2-3 minutes on each side until they turn pink and opaque, then remove them from the pan and set aside.
Pour the heavy cream into the same skillet, bringing it to a gentle simmer and scraping up any browned bits for extra flavor. Let it bubble softly for about 2 minutes.
Stir in the grated Parmesan cheese and chopped sun-dried tomatoes, allowing the sauce to thicken slightly and become glossy, about 2-3 minutes.
Add the baby spinach to the skillet and cook for 30 seconds until wilted and vibrant green, stirring gently.
Return the cooked shrimp to the skillet, stirring to coat them evenly in the sauce. Warm through for about 1 minute.
Finish with a squeeze of fresh lemon juice and taste for seasoning, adjusting with salt and pepper as needed. Let the dish rest for a minute to meld flavors.
Serve immediately over pasta, rice, or crusty bread, garnished with extra Parmesan if desired. The sauce should be silky and clinging to each ingredient, with a bright, fragrant aroma.